Left-arm fast bowler Afridi returned figures of 4-51 in eight overs while fellow seamer Naseem Shah took 3-55 as visitors restricted the Windies to a total of 280 all out in Trinidad.
Opener Evin Lewis top-scored for the hosts with 60 while captain Shai Hope contributed 55 before Roston Chase struck 53 but the Windies could not capitalise after being in a strong position of 105-2 in the 19th over.
Pakistan were then in a spot of bother as they slipped to 180-5 in the run-chase despite a fighting 53 from skipper Mohammad Rizwan.
Nawaz and Talat then combined for a unbroken 104-run and took the attack to the Windies bowlers as the stand came in just 70 balls.
Nawaz struck 63 not out from 54 balls while Talat was unbeaten on 41 off 37 deliveries as Pakistan took a 1-0 lead with two matches still to play in the series.
West Indies beat Pakistan by five wickets after chasing down a target 181 in a match reduced to 35 overs to level the ODI series at 1-1 and set up a third and deciding clash.
Pakistan clinched the T20I series against West Indies after a 13-run victory in the third and final game of the series in Lauderhill, Florida.
Jason Holder delivered a match-winning performance with both bat and ball as West Indies edged Pakistan in a thrilling two-wicket win on Saturday, levelling the three-match T20I series in Lauderhill, Florida.
Pakistan and West Indies are set to clash in a three-match T20I series at Central Broward Park & Broward County Stadium, marking the eighth bilateral T20I series between the two sides.
