The 29-year-old Hetmeyer has not played 50-over cricket for the Windies in more than a year and has missed series against Pakistan, Bangladesh and New Zealand.
The left-handed batter had a standout T20 World Cup campaign earlier this year, hitting 248 runs at an average of 41.33 and a strike rate of 186.46
Cricket West Indies (CWI) said in a statement: "Following his impressive performances during the recent ICC Men's T20 World Cup, Shimron Hetmyer has been reintegrated into the West Indies ODI setup as part of CWI's strategic build-up towards the 50-Over World Cup in October and November next year."
Joseph has returned from a back injury and will join a pace bowling group that also includes Shamar Joseph and Jayden Seales.
West Indies are in a race for automatic qualification for the 2027 ODI World Cup with a current ranking of 10th and only the top eight teams, alongside hosts South Africa and Zimbabwe, will secure places through the rankings.
"Sri Lanka are a disciplined and skilful ODI unit, especially in conditions that demand patience and smart cricket," head coach Daren Sammy said. "For us, this series is about setting the standard, intensity in the field, clarity with the bat, and consistency with the ball.
"We want to play fearless but intelligent cricket and continue building the identity we believe West Indies cricket should represent."
Following the three ODIs against Sri Lanka on June 3, 6 and 8 the sides will play three T20Is, also in Jamaica, followed by two Tests in Antigua.
West Indies ODI squad: Shai Hope (captain, wk), Ackeem Auguste, John Campbell, Keacy Carty, Roston Chase, Matthew Forde, Justin Greaves, Shimron Hetmyer, Amir Jangoo, Alzarri Joseph, Shamar Joseph, Gudakesh Motie, Sherfane Rutherford, Jayden Seales, Shamar Springer
The cricket world is mourning the death one of the game's most iconic players following the news that West Indies great Garfield Sobers has passed away at the age of 89.
West Indies captain Roston Chase hopes the Test series victory at home against Sri Lanka will be the "stepping stone" for better things to come in the longest format of the game.
Kemar Roach became just the fifth West Indies bowler to reach the milestone of 300 Test wickets as the Caribbean side thrashed Sri Lanka by an innings and 217 runs in the first Test in Antigua.
West Indies have recalled wicketkeeper Joshua Da Silva and top-order batter Amir Jangoo to their squad for the upcoming two-match Test series at home against Sri Lanka.
