The Spain international was forced off during the match in Paris, with Barcelona confirming on Wednesday that he faces approximately one month on the sidelines.
"Tests have confirmed that Dani Olmo is suffering an injury to his left thigh," Barcelona said in an official statement.
The club added that the midfielder would be sidelined for "approximately one month", ruling him out of Sunday's meeting with Real Madrid.
Olmo is also expected to miss Barcelona's La Liga fixtures against Alaves and Atletico Madrid, as well as their Champions League clash with Aston Villa.
The 28-year-old could further miss Spain's Nations League matches against the Czech Republic and England on November 12 and 15 respectively.
Olmo has endured recurring injury problems throughout his career, making his latest setback another frustration for the midfielder.
Enzo Maresca has made it his mission to help Phil Foden rediscover his best form and re-establish himself as one of England's leading players after the Manchester City midfielder ended his goal drought in spectacular fashion.
Vincent Kompany has played down fears of serious injuries to Luis Diaz and Min-jae Kim after Bayern Munich's 2-2 draw with Arsenal in the Champions League on Wednesday.
Jose Mourinho has praised Real Madrid's squad depth after their 4-1 Champions League win over RB Leipzig but insisted his team must improve before Sunday's El Clásico against FC Barcelona.
Virgil van Dijk believes Rio Ngumoha has a bright future at Liverpool after the teenage winger played a key role in their thrilling 4-3 Champions League victory over Villarreal at Anfield.
