The 22-year-old midfielder was a late withdrawal from Sunday's 4-2 win over Celta Vigo after feeling discomfort during the warm-up.
Dani Olmo stepped in to fill an unfamiliar deep-lying role, helping Hansi Flick's side secure an important away victory powered by Robert Lewandowski's hat-trick.
Initial fears were that Casado had suffered a muscle strain, but medical tests at the Ciutat Esportiva on Monday confirmed no serious damage.
According to Mundo Deportivo, the Barcelona academy graduate will undergo a short period of preventive treatment during the international break before resuming full training.
The timing of the news could not be better for Flick. With Frenkie de Jong suspended following a late red card and Pedri still recovering from injury, Casado's availability restores crucial balance and stability in midfield.
The youngster has impressed this season with his energy and tactical discipline, earning Flick's trust as part of the double pivot system.
Casado's recovery also eases pressure on Marc Bernal, who only recently returned from a long-term knee injury and remains short of full match fitness.
Barcelona, currently three points behind leaders Real Madrid in the title race with Villarreal also lurking close behind, will resume their campaign against Athletic Club at the Estadi Olimpic Lluís Companys. Flick will hope Casado's return adds strength and control in a key fixture as the Catalans look to build momentum after the international break.
Ferran Torres has revealed that his decision to leave Barcelona for Paris Saint-Germain was made well before his European summer transfer, with the forward admitting he was eager to join the European champions.
Real Sociedad missed the chance to record consecutive La Liga victories for the first time since January after being held to a goalless draw by Celta Vigo on Thursday.
Marcos Llorente has retired from international football at the age of 31, bringing his Spain career to an end after 27 appearances.
Real Madrid have opened disciplinary proceedings against defender Raul Asencio following his recent drink-driving conviction, head coach Jose Mourinho confirmed.
