The former Super Eagles skipper announced the news on his social media on Wednesday follows shortly after William Troost Ekong also recently bowed out of national team duties.
"After a lot of thought, I have decided to retire from international football, bringing to an end almost 15 years with the Super Eagles," stated Musa.
"Football took me to many places around the world, but Nigeria was always home. Playing 111 matches for my country is something I hold with deep respect. To become the most capped player in the history of Nigerian football is a great honour."
The former CSKA Moscow, Al Nassr, Sivasspor and Leicester City forward made 111 appearances for Nigeria, scoring 18 goals and providing 16 assists.
"Winning the 2013 AFCON will always stand out. That team showed what it meant to play for Nigeria," added the 33-year-old.
"Scoring at the World Cup, against Argentina and Iceland, are memories I will always carry with me. To score four goals at the World Cup and be Nigeria's highest goalscorer on that stage is something I am truly grateful for."
Musa is currently also serving as General Manager of his club Kano Pillars.
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