England will already be without Ben Stokes and Gus Atkinson for the Test that starts at the Oval on Wednesday due to disciplinary reasons could be donw another key bowler.
Robinson led the attack in the first Test victory at Lord's on his return to Test cricket after two years out of the side, taking career-best match figures of 7-77.
The 24-year-old Crocombe is uncapped at international level but has been a regular for the England Lions in their home series against South Africa A recently.
England said in a statement: "Uncapped seamer Henry Crocombe has been called into the England Men's Test squad as cover for Ollie Robinson. Robinson experienced knee soreness after a training session yesterday and is set to undergo a precautionary scan today."
The home team's build-up to the second Test has been chaotic after captain Stokes and seamer Atkinson were dropped from the squad due to a breach of team protocols after the victory at Lord's.
Joe Root has been installed as interim skipper for second Test while fast bowler Jofra Archer and batter Jordan Cox were included in the squad.
Jordan Cox and Sonny Baker are set to make their Test debuts for England against New Zealand after the hosts announced their XI ahead of the second game of the series, starting at the Oval on Wednesday.
England's preparations for the second Test against New Zealand have suffered another setback after Ollie Robinson was ruled out with a knee problem, leaving the hosts short on experience ahead of Wednesday's clash at The Oval.
Former England captain Michael Vaughan believes it's an overreaction to remove Ben Stokes as Test captain for breaking curfew.
Joe Root will stand in as England captain for the second Test against New Zealand after Ben Stokes and Gus Atkinson were made unavailable following a breach of team protocols.
